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Advanced ENSO Theory: The Delayed Oscillator

Introduction
The Simplified Tropical Pacific Ocean
Perturbing the Ocean
Kelvin and Rossby Waves
Evolution of Kelvin and Rossby Waves
The Coupled System
What Happens During El Niño?
References

References

  • Battisti, D. S., 1988: Dynamics and thermodynamics of a warming event in a coupled tropical atmosphere-ocean model. Journal of Atmospheric Science, 45, 2889-2919.
  • Battisti, D. S., and A. C. Hirst, 1989: Interannual variability in a tropical atmosphere-ocean model. Influence of the basic state, ocean geometry and nonlinearity. Journal of Atmospheric Sciences, 46, 1687-1712.
  • Gill, A. E., 1980: Some simple solutions for heat-induced tropical circulation. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, 16, 447-462. 
  • Philander, S. G. H., T. Yamagata, and R. C. Pacanowski, 1984: Unstable air-sea interactions in the tropics. Journal of Atmospheric Sciences, 41, 603-612.
  • Schopf, P. S., and M. J. Suarez, 1987: Vacillations in a coupled ocean-atmosphere model. Journal of Atmospheric Sciences, 45, 549-566.
  • Suarez, M. J. and P. S. Schopf, 1988: A delayed action oscillator for ENSO. Journal of Atmospheric Sciences, 45, 3283-3287.
  • Wakata,Y., and E. S. Sarachik, 1991: On the role of equatorial ocean modes in the ENSO cycle. Journal of  Physical Oceanography, 21, 434-443.
  • Zebiak, S. E., and M. A. Cane, 1987: A model El Nino/Southern Oscillation. Monthly Weather Review, 115, 2262-2278.