Examples of ENSO-Society Interactions

Seasonal Climate Forecasts and the Agricultural Sector of Uruguay

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The Uruguayan economy is largely dependent, directly or indirectly, on agriculture (crops and livestock). Interannual and interseasonal climatic fluctuations in Uruguay result in high variability in crop and pasture productivity with frequent negative consequences to the country’s economy. Typical climate-related conditions that result in low agricultural productivity are: insufficient rainfall for summer crops and natural grasslands, excessive rainfall in winter crops, and early/late frosts in fruit, horticultural and winter crops