Overview of the ENSO System

Links and References

General descriptions of ENSO

• El Niño and the Science of Climate Prediction (an general overview from "Consequences")
• El Niño and Climate Prediction (Reports to the Nation)

Monitoring and historical information

• IRI ENSO Map Room
• Observations from the TAO Array (from PMEL)
• Southern Oscillation Index monthly 1900-present (The Long Paddock, Australia)

More technical publications

• Trenberth, K. E., (1997). The Definition of El Niño. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, Vol. 78, No. 12, pp. 2771-2777.

Related links

• FAQ (from NOAA)
• TAO Array Publications (from PMEL)
• Educational Links (NOAA)
• NOAA list of ENSO sites