As of mid-February 2025, weak La Niña conditions persist in the equatorial Pacific, marked by cooler-than-average sea surface temperatures in the Niño 3.4 region, which remain slightly below the -0.5°C threshold—a key indicator of La Niña. These conditions have been in place since December 2024, following the initial crossing of the La Niña threshold. The IRI ENSO plume forecasts equal chances (50%) for La Niña and ENSO-neutral conditions for Feb-Apr, 2025. For Mar-May, 2025, onwards to the Jun-Aug, ENSO-neutral conditions are favored. The next two forecast seasons, Jul-Sep and Aug-Oct 2025, do not show a strong preference for La Niña or ENSO-neutral. However, ENSO-neutral conditions are slightly favored in the earlier period, while La Niña conditions are slightly favored in the later period. For Sep-Nov (54%) and Oct-Dec (55%) 2025, La Niña conditions are favored slightly over ENSO-neutral conditions. In summary, there are equal chances of La Niña and ENSO-neutral conditions during Feb-Apr 2025, while ENSO-neutral conditions are favored from Mar-May through the boreal summer. The probability of El Niño remains very low throughout the forecast period.
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